1
Briggs, Daniel. The English riots of 2011: a summer of discontent. Hook, UK: : Waterside Press 2012.
2
Safer Communities Volume 11 issue 1 Special Issue.
3
Cohen, Phil. Rethinking the youth question: education, labour and cultural studies. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1997.
4
Smith, Roger S. Youth justice: ideas, policy, practice. 2nd ed. Cullompton: : Willan 2007. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://dmz-shib-dg-01.dmz.roehampton.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781843926955
5
Smith RS. Youth justice: ideas, policy, practice. 3rd ed. London: : Routledge 2013.
6
Simon Frith. The sociology of youth. Ormskirk, Lancashire: : Causeway Books 1984.
7
Osgerby, William. Youth in Britain since 1945. Oxford: : Blackwell 1998.
8
Sumner, Colin. The sociology of deviance: an obituary. Buckingham: : Open University Press 1994.
9
Williams, Raymond. Keywords: a vocabulary of culture and society. Rev. and exp. ed. London: : Fontana Press 1988.
10
Brown, Sheila. Understanding youth and crime: listening to youth? 2nd ed. Maidenhead: : Open University Press 2005.
11
Muncie, John, Hughes, Gordon, McLaughlin, Eugene, et al. Youth justice: critical readings. London: : SAGE publications in association with the Open University 2002.
12
Cox, Pamela, Shore, Heather. Becoming delinquent: British and European youth, 1650-1950. Aldershot: : Ashgate Dartmouth 2002.
13
James A, Prout A. Constructing and reconstructing childhood: contemporary issues in the sociological study of childhood. 2nd ed. London: : RoutledgeFalmer 1997. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://dmz-shib-dg-01.dmz.roehampton.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9780203362600
14
Humphries, Stephen. Hooligans or rebels?: an oral history of working-class childhood and youth 1889-1939. Oxford: : Blackwell Publishers 1995.
15
Muncie, John. Youth and crime: a critical introduction. London: : Sage 1999.
16
Muncie J. Youth & crime. 4th edition. London: : SAGE 2014.
17
Pearson, Geoffrey. Hooligan: a history of respectable fears. London: : Macmillan 1983.
18
University of Keele. Allen, S. (1968) Some Theoretical Problems in the Study of Youth, in Sociological Review, 16. The sociological review;Wiley-Blackwell Journals (Frontfile Content).
19
American Sociological Review. http://atoz.ebsco.com/Titles/SearchResults/14171?SearchType=2&Find=American+sociological+review&GetResourcesBy=QuickSearch&resourceTypeName=allTitles&resourceType=&radioButtonChanged=
20
American Sociological Review on JSTOR. http://www.jstor.org/journal/amersocirevi
21
American Sociological Review - Sage Premier. http://asr.sagepub.com/
22
Thornton, Sarah, Gelder, Kenneth. The subcultures reader. London: : Routledge 1997.
23
Becker, Howard S. Outsiders: studies in the sociology of deviance. London: : Collier-Macmillan 1963.
24
Cohen, Albert Kircidel. Delinquent boys: the culture of the gang. London: : Routledge & Kegan Paul 1956.
25
Hankins, Frank Hamilton, American Sociological Association, American Sociological Society, et al. American sociological review. ;IngentaConnect.
26
Smith RS. Youth justice: ideas, policy, practice. 3rd ed. London: : Routledge 2013.
27
Cloward, Richard A., Ohlin, Lloyd E., ebrary, Inc. Delinquency and opportunity: a theory of delinquent gangs. London: : Routledge & K. Paul 2000.
28
Humphreys, Laud. Tearoom trade: impersonal sex in public places. Enl. ed., with a retrospect on ethical issues. New York: : Aldine de Gruyter 1975.
29
Lemert, Edwin McCarthy. Human deviance, social problems and social control. Englewood Cliffs: : Prentice-Hall 1967.
30
Matza, David. Delinquency and drift: from the research program of the Center for the Study of Law and Society, University of California. London: : Wiley 1964.
31
Matza, David. Becoming deviant. Englewood Cliffs: : Prentice-Hall 1969.
32
Hankins, Frank Hamilton, American Sociological Association, American Sociological Society, et al. American sociological review. ;IngentaConnect.
33
Rock, Paul, Downes, David M. Deviant interpretations. Oxford: : Martin Robertson 1979.
34
Paul Elliott Rock. The making of symbolic interactionism. Totowa, N.J: : Rowman and Littlefield 1979.
35
Shaw, Clifford Robe, Becker, Howard Saul. The jack-roller: a delinquent boy’s own story. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1966.
36
White, Jerry. The worst street in North London: Campbell Bunk, Islington, between the wars. London: : Routledge & Kegan Paul 1986.
37
Whyte, William Foote. Street corner society: the social structure of an Italian slum. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1943.
38
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency (Great Britain), Oxford University Press, Ingenta (Firm). Bennett T & Holloway K., (2004) Gang membership, drugs and crime in the UK. in British Journal of Criminology., 44, , pages 305-323. British journal of criminology;IngentaConnect.
39
Bennett, Trevor; Gang membership, drugs and crime in the UK. Published Online First: 2004.http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/roehampton/items/eds/psyh/2004-13685-001?query=Gang+membership%2C+drugs+and+crime+in+the+UK&resultsUri=items%3Fquery%3DGang%2Bmembership%252C%2Bdrugs%2Band%2Bcrime%2Bin%2Bthe%2BUK%26target%3Deds%26facet%255B0%255D%3Dfulltext%253Ayes&facet%5B0%5D=fulltext%3Ayes&target=eds
40
Cain, Maureen. Growing up good: policing the behaviour of girls in Europe. London: : Sage 1989.
41
Carlen, Pat. Sledgehammer: women’s imprisonment at the millennium. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1998.
42
Chesney-Lind, Meda. The female offender: girls, women, and crime. London: : Sage 1997.
43
Douglas, Susan J. Where the girls are: growing up female with the mass media. London: : Penguin 1995.
44
Thornton, Sarah, Gelder, Kenneth. The subcultures reader. London: : Routledge 1997.
45
Campbell, Anne. Girl delinquents. Oxford: : Blackwell 1981.
46
Campbell, Anne. The girls in the gang. 2nd ed. Cambridge,Mass: : Basil Blackwell 1991.
47
Gelsthorpe, Loraine, Morris, Allison. Feminist perspectives in criminology. Milton Keynes: : Open University Press 1990.
48
Frances Heidensohn. Sexual Politics and Social Control. Open University Press
49
Heidensohn, Frances. Changing the core of criminology? Published Online First: 2003.http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/roehampton/items/eds/edb/75613101?query=Changing+the+core+of+criminology%3F&resultsUri=items%3Fquery%3DChanging%2Bthe%2Bcore%2Bof%2Bcriminology%253F%26target%3Deds%26facet%255B0%255D%3Dfulltext%253Ayes&facet%5B0%5D=fulltext%3Ayes&target=eds
50
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency. Heidensohn, F. (2003) Changing the core of criminology?, Criminal Justice Matters, 53, 4-5. CJM: criminal justice matters
51
Laidler, Karen Joe; Accomplishing Femininity Among the Girls in the Gang. Published Online First: 2001.http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/roehampton/items/eds/psyh/2001-11927-005?query=Accomplishing+Femininity+Among+the+Girls+in+the+Gang&resultsUri=items%3Fquery%3DAccomplishing%2BFemininity%2BAmong%2Bthe%2BGirls%2Bin%2Bthe%2BGang%26target%3Deds%26facet%255B0%255D%3Dfulltext%253Ayes&facet%5B0%5D=fulltext%3Ayes&target=eds
52
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency (Great Britain), Oxford University Press, Ingenta (Firm). Laider, K & Hunt, G (2001) Accomplishing Femininity Among the Girls in the Gang, British Journal of Criminology, vol 41, page 656-678. British journal of criminology;IngentaConnect.
53
McRobbie, Angela. Feminism and youth culture: from ‘Jackie’ to ‘Just Seventeen’. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Education 1991.
54
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency (Great Britain), Oxford University Press, Ingenta (Firm). Naffine, N. (1985) The Masculinity-Femininity Hypothesis, in British Journal of Criminology, 25(4) 365-381. British journal of criminology;IngentaConnect.
55
Naffin, Ngaire. The Masculinity-Femininity Hypothesis. Published Online First: 1985.http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/roehampton/items/eds/edsjsr/edsjsr.23637222?query=The+Masculinity-Femininity+Hypothesis&resultsUri=items%3Fquery%3DThe%2BMasculinity-Femininity%2BHypothesis%26target%3Deds%26facet%255B0%255D%3Dfulltext%253Ayes&facet%5B0%5D=fulltext%3Ayes&target=eds
56
Smart, Carol. Law, crime and sexuality: essays in feminism. London: : Sage 1995.
57
Hale, Chris. Criminology. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2005.
58
Sharp C., Delinquent youth groups and offending behaviour: Findings from the 2004 Offending Crime and Justice Survey. Home Office online report 14/06, access: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs06/rdsolr1406.pdf.
59
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency. Stanko, B. (1995) Masculinity, femininity and criminology, Criminal Justice Matters, 19, 3-4. CJM: criminal justice matters
60
Stanko B, Heidenshon F. Gender and Crime: Masculinity, femininity and criminology, Criminal Justice Matters, 19, 3-4. Criminal Justice Matters 1995;19:3–5. doi:10.1080/09627259508552614
61
Alexander, Claire E. The Asian gang: ethnicity, identity, masculinity. Oxford: : Berg 2000.
62
Sociology -- Archive of Issues (by Date). http://soc.sagepub.com/content/by/year
63
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency (Great Britain), Oxford University Press, Ingenta (Firm). Bowling, B. (1993) ‘Racial Harassment and the Process of Victimisation: Conceptual and Methodological Implications for the Local Crime Survey’, British Journal of Criminology, 33(1), 231-50. British journal of criminology;IngentaConnect.
64
Cashmore, Ernest, McLaughlin, Eugene. Out of order?: policing black people. London: : Routledge 1991.
65
Skelton, Tracey, Valentine, Gill. Cool places: geographies of youth cultures. London: : Routledge 1998.
66
Donald, James, Rattansi, Ali, Open University. ‘Race’, culture and difference. London: : Sage Publications in association with the Open University 1992.
67
Victims of Crime. Open Univ Pr
68
Gilroy, Paul. ‘There ain’t no black in the Union Jack’: the cultural politics of race and nation. London: : Hutchinson 1987.
69
Gilroy, Paul. The black Atlantic: modernity and double consciousness. London: : Verso 1993.
70
Hall, Stuart. Policing the crisis: mugging, the state, and law and order. London (etc.): : Macmillan 1978.
71
Great Britain, European Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations, Great Britain. Keith, M. (1995) ‘Making the Street Visible: Placing Racial Violence in Context’, New Community, 21(4), 551-65. New community: a journal of research and policy on ethnic relations
72
Klug F. Racist Attacks. London: : Runnymeade Trust 1982.
73
Beider, Harris. Race, housing & community: perspectives on policy & practice. Oxford: : Wiley-Blackwell 2012. https://www.dawsonera.com/guard/protected/dawson.jsp?name=https://dmz-shib-dg-01.dmz.roehampton.ac.uk/idp/shibboleth&dest=http://www.dawsonera.com/depp/reader/protected/external/AbstractView/S9781444354461
74
Mac an Ghaill, Máirtín. Contemporary racisms and ethnicities: social and cultural transformations. Buckingham: : Open University Press 1999.
75
Sibley, David. Geographies of exclusion: society and difference in the West. London: : Routledge 1995.
76
Youth and policy. 1982;Freely Accessible Social Science Journals.
77
Waters, Robert. Ethnic minorities and the criminal justice system. Aldershot: : Avebury 1990.
78
Maguire, Mike, Morgan, Rodney, Reiner, Robert. The Oxford handbook of criminology. 5th ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 2012.
79
Cain, Maureen. Growing up good: policing the behaviour of girls in Europe. London: : Sage 1989.
80
Graham, John, Bowling, Benjamin, Great Britain. Young people and crime. London: : Home Office 1995.
81
Lee, M. (1998) Youth, Crime and Police Work, London: Macmillan.
82
Loader, Ian. Youth, policing and democracy. Basingstoke: : Macmillan 1996.
83
Muncie, John. ‘The trouble with kids today’: youth and crime in post-war Britain. London: : Hutchinson 1984.
84
Roche, Jeremy, Tucker, Stanley, Open University. Youth in society: contemporary theory, policy and practice. London: : Sage 1997.
85
Pitts, John. The politics of juvenile crime. London: : Sage 1988.
86
Thompson, Kenneth, ebrary, Inc. Moral panics. London: : Routledge 1998.
87
Aust R, Sharp C & Goulden C., Prevalence of drug use: key findings from the 2001/2 British Crime Survey. Home Office Research Findings 182. 2002 (in Module Reader).
88
Aldridge, Judith, Parker, Howard, Measham, Fiona, et al. Drug trying and drug use across adolescence: a longitudinal study of young people’s drug taking in two regions of northern England. London: : Drugs Prevention Advisory Service 1999.
89
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency (Great Britain), Oxford University Press, Ingenta (Firm). Collinson, M. (1996) In Search if High Life: Drugs, Crime, Masculinities and Consumption in British Journal of Criminology 36 (30) 428-444. British journal of criminology;IngentaConnect.
90
Dorn, Nicholas, South, Nigel. A Land fit for heroin?: drug policies, prevention and practice. Basingstoke: : Macmillan Education 1987.
91
Douglas, Mary, International Commission on the Anthropology of Food. Constructive drinking: perspectives on drink from anthropology. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 1987.
92
Hirst, Julia, McCamley-Finney, Alison, Sheffield Hallam University. The place and meaning of drugs in the lives of young people. Sheffield: : Sheffield Hallam University, Health Research 1994.
93
International Harm Reduction Association, ScienceDirect (Online service). International journal of drug policy. ;ScienceDirect Journals.
94
Stephen Lyng. Edgework. Routledge
95
Parker, Howard, Measham, Fiona, Aldridge, Judith, et al. Drugs futures: changing patterns of drug use amongst English youth. London: : Institute for the Study of Drug Dependence 1995.
96
Plant, Martin A., Plant, Moira. Risk-takers: alcohol, drugs, sex and youth. London: : Routledge 1992.
97
Drugs, crime, and criminal justice. Aldershot, Hants, England: : Dartmouth 1995.
98
South, Nigel. Drugs: cultures, controls and everyday life. London: : SAGE 1999.
99
Walters, Glenn D. Drugs and crime in lifestyle perspective. London: : Sage Publications 1994.
100
Audit Commission for Local Authorities and the National Health Service in England and Wales. Misspent youth: young people and crime. London: : Audit Commission 1996.
101
Bateman, Tim, Pitts, John. The RHP companion to youth justice. Lyme Regis: : Russell House 2005.
102
Thomas J. Bernard. The cycle of juvenile justice. New York: : Oxford University Press 1992.
103
Diane Birch. Blackstone’s guide to the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999. London: : Blackstone Press 2000.
104
Cohen, Stanley. Visions of social control: crime, punishment and classification. Cambridge (PO Box 202, Cambridge CB1 2BT): : Polity 1985.
105
Fagan, Jeffrey and Martin Guggenheim. (1996). Preventive Detention and the Judicial Prediction of Dangerousness for Juveniles: A Natural Experiment, The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology. 86: 415-446.
106
Maguire, Mike, Morgan, Rod, Reiner, Robert. The Oxford handbook of criminology. 2nd ed. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1997.
107
Holdaway S, Dignan J, Marsh P, et al. New Strategies for Addressing Youth Offending: The National Evaluation of the Pilot Youth Offending teams. RDS Occasional Paper No. 69. London UK: : Home Office: Research & Development 2001.
108
Hudson, Barbara. Understanding justice: an introduction to ideas, perspectives and controversies in modern penal theory. 2nd ed. Buckingham: : Open University Press 2003.
109
McLaughlin, Eugene, Muncie, John, Open University. Controlling crime. 2nd ed. London: : SAGE in association with the Open University 2001.
110
Roche, Jeremy, Tucker, Stanley, Open University. Youth in society: contemporary theory, policy and practice. London: : Sage 1997.
111
Pitts, John. The politics of juvenile crime. London: : Sage 1988.
112
McLaughlin, Eugene, Muncie, John, Open University. Controlling crime. 2nd ed. London: : SAGE in association with the Open University 2001.
113
http://www.crime-reduction.gov.uk/toolkits/py0401-table1.htm.
114
Howard League for Penal Reform: http://www.howardleague.org.uk.
115
National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders: http://www.nacro.org.uk.
116
National Statistics: http://www.statistics.gov.uk.
117
Official Publications UK: http://www.ukop.co.uk.
118
Anderson, J. et al (2004)Child Sexual Abuse: A Public Health Issue, Criminal Justice Studies, Vol.17, No.1, pp.107-126.
119
JSTOR (Organization), Synergy (Online service). Journal of law and society. 1982;JSTOR Arts and Sciences IV Collection.
120
Cawson, Pat, National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Child maltreatment in the family: the experience of a national sample of young people. London: : NSPCC 2002.
121
Foley, Pam, Roche, Jeremy, Tucker, Stanley, et al. Children in society: contemporary theory, policy and practice. Basingstoke: : Palgrave 2001.
122
Franklin, Bob. The Rights of children. Oxford: : Blackwell 1986.
123
Franklin, Bob. The new handbook of children’s rights: comparative policy and practice. [2nd ed]. London: : Routledge 2002.
124
Journal of social work: JSW. 2001;SAGE Premier 2010.
125
Hanmer, Jalna, Itzin, Catherine. Home truths about domestic violence: feminist influences on policy and practice : a reader. London: : Routledge 2000.
126
Group for the Advancement of Psychodynamics and Psychotherapy in Social Work. Rustin, M. (2004) Learning from the Victoria Climbi Inquiry, Journal of Social Work Practice, Vol.18, No.1, pp.9- 18. Journal of social work practice;InformaWorld Current Subscriptions (1997-present).
127
Conference of Socialist Economists, EBSCO Publishing (Firm). Capital & class. ;SAGE Premier 2010.
128
National Association for the Development of Work with Sex Offenders, National Organisation for the Treatment of Abusers, InformaWorld (Online service). Taylor, J. 2003 Children and Young People Accused of Child Sexual Abuse: A study within a Community, Journal of Sexual Aggression, Vol.9, No.1, pp.57-70. The journal of sexual aggression;Taylor&Francis Behavioral Science Collection.
129
Totten, M. (2003) Girlfriend Abuse as a Form of Masculinity Construction Among Violent, Marginal Male Youth, Men and Masculinities, Vol.6, No.1, pp.70-92. Men and masculinities;SAGE Premier 2010.
130
HighWire Press. Work, employment & society. ;SAGE Complete A-Z List.
131
Coles, Bob. Youth and social policy: youth citizenship and young careers. London: : UCL Press 1995.
133
Hutson, Susan, Liddiard, Mark. Youth homelessness: the construction of a social issue. Basingstoke: : Macmillan P. 1994.
134
MacDonald, Robert. Youth, the ‘underclass’ and social exclusion. London: : Routledge 1997.
135
Muncie, John. Youth & crime. 2nd ed. London: : SAGE Publications 2004.
136
Morris, Lydia. Dangerous classes: the underclass and social citizenship. London: : Routledge 1994.
137
Roberts, Kenneth. Youth and employment in modern Britain. Oxford: : Oxford University Press 1995.
138
Youth and policy. 1982;Freely Accessible Social Science Journals.
139
Wilson, William Julius. The truly disadvantaged: the inner city, the underclass, and public policy. Chicago: : University of Chicago Press 1987.
140
http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/hors258.pdf.
141
Cottrell, Stella. The study skills handbook. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2003.
142
Creme, Phyllis, Lea, Mary R. Writing at university: a guide for students. 3rd ed. Maidenhead: : McGraw-Hill Open University Press 2008.
143
Harrison, John. Study skills for criminology. London: : SAGE 2005.
144
Jackson, Howard. Good grammar for students. London: : SAGE 2005.
145
Race, Philip, ebrary, Inc. How to get a good degree: making the most of your time at university. 2nd ed. Maidenhead, England: : McGraw Hill/Open University Press 2007.
146
Redman, Peter, Open University. Good essay writing: a social sciences guide. 3rd ed. London: : SAGE 2006.
147
Tracy, Eileen, ebrary, Inc. The student’s guide to exam success. 2nd ed. Maidenhead, Berkshire, England: : Open University Press 2006.
